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Holographic Universe Hologram knowledge1 Hologram knowledge2 Hologram knowledge3 Hologram basic Introduction to hologram The development of hologram technology and prospects
Holography also known as: "hologram", a use of wave interference records are subject reflection (or transmission) light wave (amplitude and phase) of the photographic technology. Holography is a bunch of reference light and the subject of the light reflected on the object superimposed on the interference fringes formed on the photosensitive sheet. Holography only records the amplitude (intensity) of the subject is reflected lightwave, but also record the relative phase of the reflected lightwave. In order to meet the conditions of generating light interference, usually use a good coherence of the laser as a light source, but light is separated out from the same laser beam of light and the irradiation target object. Photosensitive sheet after developing a hologram. Hologram does not directly display the image of the object. With a laser or monochromatic light in the direction close to the reference light incident to the original image can be observed on the proper angle. This is because of the diffraction of the laser beam in the interference fringes of the hologram to reproduce the original wave. Reproduced as a three-dimensional feeling. Filmed hologram photosensitive sheet, at every point in the received light reflected by the entire object, therefore, a small part of the hologram can be reproduced entire object. Photosensitive sheet, the thickness of the emulsion is equal to several light wavelength interference layer is formed in the latex the hologram made available white reproduction. Respectively with red, green and blue colors of laser on the same object on a photosensitive sheet with a thick latex film holograms, after appropriate development processing, can be observed under white light (sunlight or light) can be obtained with three-dimensional and The rich color color hologram. (See two title "principle") holography has been widely used in the field of signal recording, deformation measurement, computer storage, biology and medical research, and military technology. The early 1980s, France holographic photography exhibition exhibitions around the world, people enjoy the mysterious holographic. On top of a wall, seems deliberately stretched out of a faucet, a show of hands go screw caught empty; a frame, which is not what the image, but when a beam of light shot over the box appeared beautiful girl, she slowly took off his glasses, pay tribute to forward people smile; a glass, it was empty, but, in the light irradiation, cover immediately emerged of Venus; frame within the glass, the image is still constantly changing.
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History of Hologram
People who have seen those prehistoric paintings of Chauvet Cave, France (Chauvet Cave), all for subtle brightness changes, to use freely perspective and elegant flowing lines are impressed. These primitive people draw with ocher 32000 years ago, rhinos, lions and bears, despite years of erosion, but still be able to bring a great deal of visual shake. However, not everyone is like so - Marin Chauvet and his two friends then luck: when they stumbled upon in the December 18, 1994 at the time of the cave, all the caves are open for them gates, all painting is unconditional to show under their humble searchlight. However, when this discovery was made public, and as the year of the greatest archaeological and artistic discoveries, the French government has spent a lot to study protection Chauvet Cave door but then closed to the public. Even the experts engaged in research in Hole investigated, not but to go through a cumbersome approval process, but also to go into complete spare protection effort, and the guarantee can not touch the wall. Ordinary people even missed to see the real capacity, can only look at the tablet magazine pictures out of thin air envision. However, living in the old Wine Country Bordeaux suburban town Yves Ghent and his brother Philip Ghent may use their hologram photo all this into history. A century ago, when the telegraph inventor Samuel Morse first time I saw the photos using the daguerreotype surgery filmed surprised to think that such a realistic image of nature should never be called reproductions, they are part of nature itself. Now well-informed people in the eyes, Morse's reaction is somewhat fuss. Fully demonstrated its charm in the digital camera era, no one would like as the original St. Petersburg began to take photos of people, afraid of the people in the photos to yourself to blink, to see her own thoughts. However, when South Paris University chemical physicist and Film expert Jacqueline Beiluo Ni (Jacqueline Belloni) in an academic session, Yves Ghent produced a butterfly hologram photo display for everyone one happens to be also the butterfly specimens collected enthusiasts physicist is very hard to understand to ask her exactly why this lepidopteran insect specimen boxes for academic reports show. Physicist who in any case are not willing to believe that this is only a hologram photo. In fact, a physicist who the bewildered is also reasonable, holography long for most people is not a new concept. Long before the advent of the laser, 1948 Jiabo in order to improve the resolving power of the electron microscope and put forward the concept of hologram and began hologram research work. 1960 laser holography provides a highly coherent light source of a high-brightness, then on hologram technology has entered a new stage. Have appeared in a variety of hologram methods, and constantly open up new areas of hologram applications. Jiabo hologram research to get the Nobel prize in 1971. Hologram or the earliest daguerreotype surgery, in light of their mysteries record. All of the light have three attributes, they are the brightness of the light strength, the color of the light and the direction of the light. Early daguerreotype and black and white photographs can only record the brightness changes under light, color photos in addition to, but also by the change in the wavelength of the recording light reflects its color. Hologram is unique to the light can be simultaneously captured the three attributes of a photography by laser technology, it can be recorded under the light incident on the object reflecting the direction realistic reproduction of the real scene of the object in three-dimensional space. However, until the advent of Ghent brothers works, the so-called true reproduction has been nothing but theoretical. Perhaps because good hologram image generated rare and difficult, perhaps because too esoteric scientific principles of holography holography invented half a century later, it still is a full of mysterious technology. Yves Ghent and his brother achievements reported in some media people they described as "the only truly realized holography reproduce natural function" and said their works like Morse said as part of nature. These comments may be some words of their speech, because in fact, around the world there are many other people in holography, hologram image maker Federation (International Hologram Manufacturers Association) is a gathering global holography experts and lovers of the organization. Yves Ghent There is no doubt that these leaders, experts in the winter of 2001, the Federation of the year's best hologram photography and the latest hologram technology 'two most weighty Awards Yves, is the best description. And show their work on time in the the hologram Conference held in Austria, when the brother of the Ghent speak more than 140 experienced holography master is full of admiration for the situation took a deep breath. " Philip recalled the scene at the time, not without pride, he said, "When people swarmed to watch the hologram images produced when the entire house to one of the empty." All experts at the scene almost lifelike pictures fascinated, because they can not reach out to small puppets dressed in traditional Lao dance clothing clothes to touch works fine pattern, others want to wipe away the hanging in the mouth of little girl eating cookies biscuit crumbs - of course, they touch, like who physicist, just a thin layer of glass. Now, the work of Yves industry recognition and praise, but, when in 1992 because of the collapse of the laboratory where were dismissed, back to the home town started as a freelance holography technology research When the situation is completely different. He spent about two years to come up with all the necessary equipment, including a portable hologram portrait camera. Ready when the only company in the production of his film manufacturers - Agfa (Agfa) - suddenly decided to stop production of such film. Invented a "bull", Yves must also be taught to create their own "grass". In the ensuing years, Yves Ghent own humble lab self-chemical principles, and repeated practice. Philip added to his great help. Later, they finally invented famous for the "Ultimate" (Ultimate) photographic emulsion. With other photographic emulsion, as the "ultimate" main ingredient is excellent photosensitive silver bromide particles, but the particle diameter of the "ultimate" silver bromide only 10 nm, is on the ordinary film photosensitive particles 1/10 to 1/100. It is these tiny particles so that the "ultimate" record under QianHao fine to every detail and record the red, green, and blue color with a light-sensitive layer at the same time. Ive found what he called "all 30 years looking for photographic emulsions, but he still has a long way to go. He made a copy of the Chauvet Cave murals throughout the program, but because they can not get the government authorities and unassisted. He also suggested the establishment of a visiting celebrity holography Portrait Gallery Disneyland Paris, the negotiations have dragged on. All seen him work, have to admit that is perfect hologram image, but the French investors are too cautious, they must not only under the golden goose, but also a group of goose industrialization, large scale under the golden eggs , before they agree to money from their own pockets. To seek investors, Ghent brothers and their father even wanted to immigrate to Quebec. The turning point came after a U.S. partner to join. He owned the machine is able to "ultimate" master hologram image copied to a polymer material manufactured by DuPont. Although these images up to the image standards, but far less than "ultimate" film on the hologram image on the front polymeric material better. Along with the industrial production of this of DuPont materials on the hologram image of the large-scale production, the use of the "ultimate" film is also just around the corner. In addition, the International Federation's approval of the hologram image maker also for Ghent brothers work adds weight. Yves technology applications yet none of them is subject to patent protection, but in the near future, they expected as technical expertise (Know-How) for his enormous wealth.
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Principle of Hologram
Holography refers to a novel photographic technique of recording all the information of the subject is the amplitude and phase of the reflected wave. The ordinary photography is the recording surface of the object light intensity distribution, it can not record the phase information of the object of the reflected light, thus losing the three-dimensional sense. Holography using a laser as a light source, and light from the source is divided into two beams, a bunch directly directed to the photosensitive sheet, another bunch reflection object and then directed to the photosensitive sheet. The two light beams on the photosensitive sheet superposed interference the photosensitive extent of each point on the photosensitive film is not only with the intensity with the phase relationship of the two light beams with different. Holography not only records the reflective intensity on the object, the phase information is also recorded. The human eye directly look at the negatives of this photosensitive only see the fringes like fingerprints, but if it is irradiated with laser, the human eye through the film you can see the original shooting the same three-dimensional objects like. A hologram picture, even if left with only a small part, can still reproduce all the scenery. Holography can be applied to many aspects of industrial nondestructive testing, ultrasonic holography, hologram microscopy, holographic memory, holographic film and television. Generated hologram principle can be traced back to 300 years ago, it was also done with poor coherent light source test, but it was not until the invention of the laser in 1960 - this is the best source of coherent light - holography to get faster development . Laser holography is a new technology, it was hailed as a miracle of the 20th century. Its principle was discovered by a Hungarian nationality British physicist Dennis Gabor in 1947, it is completely different and ordinary photographic principle. Until 10 years later, the American physicist Leif and in Pat the Nyx invented laser holography to practical application. It can be said, holography is the product of the combination of information storage and laser technology. Laser holography consists of two steps: recording and reproduction. 1. The hologram recording process is: dividing the laser beam into two beams; laser beam projected directly on the photosensitive film, known as the reference beam; another laser beam projected on the object, the object as reflection or transmission, to carry the relevant information of the object, known as the object beam object beam is also projected treated in the same region of the photosensitive film on the photosensitive film on the object beam and the reference beam coherent superposition occurs, the formation of interference fringes, which completed a hologram. 2. The hologram reconstruction: frequency and transmission direction of the laser beams with a beam of laser hologram should be exactly the same with the reference beam, so they can reproduce the three-dimensional image of the object. People look from different angles, you can see the different sides of the object, as if to see real objects, and just a touch less than the real object. Hologram imaging is cutting-edge technology, holographic and conventional photographic plane image recorded on the film is not three-dimensional objects, but the light field. The conventional photographic records only the reflected beat changes in light intensity of the surface, i.e. only the amplitude of the recording light, the hologram is recorded all the information of the lightwave also recorded, unless the amplitude of the outer the FIG phase of the lightwave. I.e. the lightwave field of the three-dimensional object all of the information stored in the recording medium. The holographic principle is "a system in principle, it borders on the number of degrees of freedom to fully describe" a new basic principles based on the quantum nature of the black hole. In fact, the basic principle is to contact quantum yuan combination of quantum theory and quantum bit. Mathematical proof, how many dimensional space-time, there are that many quantum yuan; how many quantum yuan, there is the number of quantum bits. Together they form the matrix-like space-time finite set, that is, the set of permutations. Hologram incomplete, said selected number of permutations Select an empty set with the election of the full array duality. Certain dimension of space-time hologram completely equivalent to less number of permutations of a quantum bit Hologram; This is similar to the "quantum error avoiding coding theory, a fundamental solution to the system of of encoding quantum computing error calculation error problem. The time and space of the quantum computation, double conjugate coding of the the similar biological DNA double helix structure, it is real and imaginary, positive and negative double conjugate the coding organization together quantum computer. This can be called the "biological space-time learning", which "entropy", similar to "macro entropy" not only refers to the degree of disorder, but also refers to a range. Time does not refer to a range? "From life", it should mean. Therefore, all of the location and time are all range. The position of "entropy" as an area of "entropy" time "entropy" as the thermodynamic arrow "entropy". Second, similar to the N Number of sub-elements and an N number sub bit binary Ordering determinant or matrix with the number N of rows and N number of columns of a similar binary Ordering, one of which is not the same, is determinant or matrix ratio N Quantum element and N the number of sub-bit binary arrangement less a quantum bit, whether this is similar to the hologram principle, N the number of sub-element and N the number of sub-bit binary arrangement is an integrable system, it's any dynamics are low similar to a quantum field theory of N number of rows and N series determinant or matrix to describe it? Mathematics may be able to prove or inquiry. 1, the anti-de Sitter space, is the point, line, plane space, is integrable, because the junction tends to be "super zero" or "zero point, line, plane, space and point, line, surface outer space can "zero, here is an integrable system, its dynamics can have a low one-dimensional field theory. In other words, due to the symmetry of the symmetry of the anti-de Sitter space, point, line, plane space field theory, is greater than the original point, line, surface outer space Lorentz symmetry, this large The symmetry group called the conformal symmetry group. Of course, this can change the internal geometry of the anti-de Sitter space to eliminate this symmetry, so that the equivalent field theory is not conformal symmetry. This is called new Conformal conformal. Madras Messina space as a point outside the space, "generally" point outside the space "or" point, the inner space can also be seen as similar space sphere. Anti-de Sitter space, that point within the space is a special field theory limit. Point within the space "classical gravity and quantum fluctuation effects, the calculation of string theory is very complicated to calculate only a limit. Example above, the mass of the universe similar to the anti-de Sitter space orbit round the skyrocketing rate is 8.88 times the speed of light is a limit. Such limit, the point within the space. "The transition to a new time and space, or called pp-wave background, can accurately calculate the spectrum of the cosmic string multiple states, to reflect the dual field theory, we can obtain the substance family operator in the calculation of the mass spectrum of anomalous scaling exponent. 2, this technique is that the string is not a finite number of balls quantum micro unit. To get the usual sense of the strings, must take the ring quantum string theory limit, in this limit, the length does not tend to zero, and each can be divided by the strings of quantum the line spin coupling ring to the micro-unit power of 10 -33 cm , leaving the micro-unit number is not tends to infinity, so that the chord itself corresponding to the physical quantities such as energy momentum is limited. Operator structure in the field theory, if you want to get the string states in the pp-wave background, we just need to take the limit. In this way, the micro-cell model is a universal constructor, also clear. Pp wave background, description of the corresponding field theory is a product of the system.
Holographic photography and Photography distinction
Records only in the ordinary photography, the scene captured by the camera, the intensity of reflected light of the scene, that is, the amplitude of the reflected light information, while the three-dimensional information can not record the scene. Hologram technology, capable of recording the amplitude and phase of the reflected light in the scene. Shooting holographic images recorded the lightwave itself as well as two beams relative phase, phase is caused by the difference in kind between the reference light position. We see the imaging of the object, you must use a cohesive laser to accurately aim at the target irradiation hologram to reproduce all the information of the object light from the interference fringes on the hologram. Benton later found easier to use white restore image, so that this technology is gradually moving towards the practical stage.
Hologram Shooting Requirements
In order to shoot a satisfactory holographic photo shoot system must meet the following requirements: (1) light source must be a coherent light source know by the previous analysis, the hologram is based on the principle of interference of light, so they requested that the light source must have good coherence. The emergence of the laser light for the hologram of an ideal light source. This is good because the laser coherence, He-Ne laser used in the experiment, with its shooting small diffuse object, get a good spatial coherence and time of the hologram. (2) the hologram system should have stability As is recorded on the hologram interference fringes, and is a thin, dense, interference fringes, minimal interference will cause the blurring of interference fringes in the photographic process, or even the interference The stripes can not record. Example, shooting film displacement of a micron, the stripes on a confusion, the hologram experiment station is shockproof. Table hologram optics magnetic firmly sucked on countertops steel. Further, the airflow through the optical path, the acoustic interference, and temperature changes will cause changes in the density of the surrounding air. Therefore, the exposure should prohibit loud noises, can not move around freely, the entire lab absolute quiet. Our experience is that each group tuned optical path, the students left the bench stable after a minute, and then came to light at the same time, to get a better effect. (3) object beam and the reference beam should meet object light and reference light optical path difference should be as small as possible, two beams of light optical path equal best, can not exceed a maximum of 2cm dimming road with a string amount; The angle between the light of the two speed is between 30 ° ~ 60 °, preferably about 45 °, because the angle is small, interference fringes dilute, so that the lower the resolution requirements of the system stability and the photosensitive material ; two light beams of the light intensity ratio should be appropriate, the general requirements can be between 1:1 to 1:10, the ratio of the light intensity measured with a silicon photovoltaic cell out. (4) the use of high resolution holographic backsheet thin dense interference fringes recorded on the hologram backsheet, requires high-resolution photosensitive material. Ordinary photographic photosensitive film due to coarse particles of silver compounds can record only 50 ~ 100 stripes per millimeter, Tianjin photographic film plant the production of I-type hologram dry plate, with a resolution of up to 3 per mm? 000, can meet hologram request. (5) hologram photo the flushing process rinse process is also critical. We follow the recipe requires dispensing with the developer, stop bath and fixer and bleach solution. The above several prescriptions are required to use distilled water, but the experiment proved successful with pure water preparation. The flushing process in the darkroom, the drug solution do not see the light, and kept at room temperature 20 ° C in the right rinse formulated liquid custody properly about a month.
Features and Advantages of Hologram
Its significant features and advantages are the following recycling out of the three-dimensional images help to save valuable works of art collection. 2, shooting each point are recorded in any point of the hologram sheet, once photo damage little relationship. Hologram photo scene three-dimensional sense of strong, vivid image, with the laser can be displayed in a variety of exhibitions, will get very good results.
Hologram Applications
In our lives, of course, are often able to see the use of holographic technology. For example, on some credit cards and banknotes, there is the use of the the Russian physicist Yuri Danny Suker (Yuri Denisyuk) full-color holographic image technology invented in the 1960s, the production of polyester soft film on the "Rainbow" hologram image. But these holographic image is more just as a complex printing technology to achieve security purposes, their low sensitivity, color is also not enough realistic, far less to the realm of spurious. The researchers also tried to use the dichromate glue as photographic emulsion, used to make hologram identification equipment. In some fighter equipped with such equipment, they can make the driver's attention focused on the enemy. Filmed some precious relics of this technology, when it was exhibited true stereo reproduction artifacts for visitors to enjoy, while the original is properly preserved, anti-theft the the large hologram can show cars, satellites and a variety of three-dimensional advertising , we can use pulse holography reproduction portraits, wedding photos. The small hologram can be worn on the neck, forming a beautiful decorative it reproducible favorite animal, colorful flowers and butterflies. Rapid development of molded rainbow hologram, can become vivid cartoons, greeting cards, three-dimensional stamp, also can be used as anti-counterfeit labels appear in the trademark documents cards, bank credit cards, and even banknotes. Decorative hologram three-dimensional photos in the book, as well as gift wrap shining hologram rainbow, make people appreciate the printing technology of the 21st century with new packaging technology leap. Embossed hologram logo rainbow effect due to its three-dimensional sense of depth, and changes with the viewing angle, as well as the ever-changing security tag, plus closely integrated with other high-tech security means the security technology of the new century to a new brilliant vertices. In summary, the hologram a video without ordinary optical imaging system, the sixties developed a three-dimensional photography and wavefront reproduction of new technologies. Hologram able to record all the information issued by the surface (ie, the amplitude and phase of the light wave) and reproduction subject to all the information of the object light waves, hologram technology in production practices and scientific research in the field has a wide range of applications . For example: the holographic film and holographic television, hologram storage, hologram display and hologram anti-counterfeit trademark. In addition to optical holography, the development of infrared, microwave and ultrasonic hologram technology, hologram technology is important in military reconnaissance and surveillance. We know that the general radar can only detect the target bearing, distance, etc., while hologram three-dimensional image of the target can be given, for the timely identification of aircraft, ships and other. Therefore, much attention. However, due to the attenuation of visible light propagation in the atmosphere or water quickly in adverse climate and even unable to work. For the infrared, microwave and ultrasonic hologram techniques developed to overcome this difficulty, i.e. coherent infrared light, microwave and ultrasonic shooting hologram reproducing images, and then with visible light, the same principle of this holographic technology with ordinary holography. The key to the technology is to find sensitive recording medium and suitable method of reproduction. ultrasonic holography can reproduce lurking in the three-dimensional pattern of underwater objects, and therefore can be used to conduct underwater surveillance and reconnaissance. Visible opaque objects, often transparent to ultrasonic, ultrasonic holography can be used for underwater military operations, and can also be used for medical perspective as well as the industrial NDT measurements. In addition to the lightwave generated hologram has been developed to the available computer generated hologram. The hologram is very versatile and can be made of a variety of thin-film optical components such as lenses, gratings, filters, can overlap in space, is very compact, lightweight, suitable for space flight use. Use hologram storage of data, with a large capacity, easy to extract, anti-fouling, etc.. The hologram methods from the field of optics extended to other areas. Microwave holography, acoustic holography been greatly developed and successfully applied in industrial and medical aspects. Seismic wave, the electron wave, X-ray, and other aspects of the hologram is also in-depth study. The hologram has an extremely wide range of applications. As used in the study of the shock wave of rocket flight, non-destructive inspection of the aircraft wing cellular structure. Now not only laser holography, and research the successful white holographic rainbow hologram, and panoramic rainbow hologram, so that people can see each side of the scene. Hologram three-dimensional display is the direction of the development of hologram color stereoscopic television and movies.
Hologram Technology
As people gradually recognized and accepted by the digital camera, the digital camera market are day by day, to expand, to split this big cake, digital camera manufacturers are constantly developing new technology or existing technology quickly applied to digital camera field, in order to maintain and enhance its position in the digital camera field. Sony DSC-F707 focus mode using hologram laser autofocus auxiliary, it can be said, hologram technology has been applied to the field of photography, so in the end what is hologram technology? Holography and traditional photography, what difference does it make? With Gabe (Gabor) hologram (Hologram) is proposed to improve the image quality of the electron microscope in 1948, its significance lies in the complete record. Gabe has experiments to solve the basic problem in the invention of holography, that wave before recording and reproduction, but due to the lack of bright coherent light source (laser), the hologram image quality is poor. With the advent of the laser in 1962, Leith and upa Tenix (Leith and Upatnieks) Gabe holography based on the introduction of the concept of the carrier frequency invented the off-axis holography to overcome the image quality of the hologram The main problem of poor --- twin like, three-dimensional objects became holography research focus, but the imaging science was far more than economic development, production and observation of the cost of such a hologram is very expensive, hologram The surgery basically became high funding to maintain the unrealistic fantasies synonymous. 1969 Benton (Benton) invented the rainbow holography, setting off a new upsurge white display features hologram three-dimensional display. Rainbow hologram is a hologram white display plane reflection hologram and Danny Suker (Denisyuk), in addition to the hologram can be observed in the ordinary incandescent bright stereopair processing The process is simple, easy-to-copy advantages. Hologram techniques applied to the field of photography to be far superior to an ordinary photographic ordinary photographic perspective scenery "projection" according to the principle of lens imaging plane photosensitive backplane, and form a light intensity distribution, the recorded photo No stereoscopic, because individual perspective photos get like exactly the same. Hologram reproduction is an exact copy of the object wave, when we "see" the object wave can be viewed from various perspectives to reproduce three-dimensional images of different sides, as if to see realistic objects with depth and parallax. Shooting side by side, the two Mercedes-Benz car model, and then when we change the viewing direction, after a car covered part will be exposed. No wonder people in the exhibition will be for a "Mercedes" car shot hologram and excited: "saw the reconstructed image of the car, like a pull door can get on the 'Mercedes-Benz' It was wonderful!" Quite a hologram from multi-angle shooting, focusing into many ordinary photos, the amount of information in this sense, a hologram equivalent of 100 or 1,000 photos. To watch hologram surface with a powerful microscope, see complex stripes did not see the image of the object, these stripes is the object wave emitted by the laser lighting objects with standard light wave (reference wave) interference in the plane photosensitive floor been recorded, with the coding method object wave "frozen". Once the experience is similar to the reference wave illumination laser illumination, diffraction imaging light waves, it is the same as if the original Lightwave re released. The hologram principle can be eight characters to express: "interference record diffraction reproduction. Understanding of this technology, we can hologram technology for a wide range of areas, the number of precious cultural relics filmed using this technology, when it was exhibited true stereo reproduction artifacts for visitors to enjoy, while the original properly preservation, anti-theft the the large hologram can show cars, satellite, and a variety of three-dimensional advertising, we can use the pulse holography reproduction portraits, wedding photos. The small hologram can be worn on the neck, forming a beautiful decorative it reproducible favorite animal, colorful flowers and butterflies. Rapid development of molded rainbow hologram, can become vivid cartoons, greeting cards, three-dimensional stamp, also can be used as anti-counterfeit labels appear in the trademark documents cards, bank credit cards, and even banknotes. Decorative hologram three-dimensional photos in the book, as well as gift wrap shining hologram rainbow, make people appreciate the printing technology of the 21st century with new packaging technology leap. Embossed hologram logos, due to its three-dimensional sense of depth, and rainbow effect varies depending on viewing angle, as well as the ever-changing security marking, coupled with other high-tech anti-counterfeiting measures in close connection with the anti-counterfeiting technology of the new century to a new brilliant vertices.
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